Molecular Genetic Structure and Pathology of Pancreatic KATP Channels which are Metabolic Sensors of Insulin Secretion

Hilal Arıkoğlu 1 *, Dudu Erkoç Kaya 1, Hülya Özdemir 1
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1 Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tıbbi Biyoloji AD, Konya, Türkiye
* Corresponding Author
EUR J BASIC MED SCI, Volume 2, Issue 2, pp. 56-67. https://doi.org/10.21601/ejbms/9180
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ABSTRACT

ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels are indispensable metabolic sensors for the maintenance of normal process in several metabolic pathways. Pancreatic KATP channels have also critical importance due to the central role in insulin secretion which is one of the essential effectors acting on glucose homeostasis. KATP channels is an octameric complex of Kir6.2 (inwardly rectifying potassium channel) inside and SUR1 (sulfonylurea receptor 1) outside of the channel. Correctly expression, assembling in the exactly conformation and properly trafficking to membrane surface of KATP channel subunits are necessary for channel functionality. Mutations or polymorphisms in SUR1 and Kir6.2 genes coding channel proteins effect insulin secretion by altering channel activity level and may cause important metabolic disorders like as congenital hyperinsulinemia, permanent neonatal diabet and type 2 diabetes dependent on resting the channel open or close. In this review, molecular genetic structure, role in insulin secretion and the pathology of pancreatic KATP channels were evaluated with a general view.
Keywords: pancreatic KATP channels, SUR1 and Kir6.2 genes, insulin secretion defects

CITATION

Arıkoğlu H, Erkoç Kaya D, Özdemir H. Molecular Genetic Structure and Pathology of Pancreatic KATP Channels which are Metabolic Sensors of Insulin Secretion. Eur J Basic Med Sci. 2012;2(2):56-67. https://doi.org/10.21601/ejbms/9180

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